Introduction:  Ephes. 5:27 “That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.â€Â Paul’s statement about the Church is obviously her future position, but it is also His present desire for her. As a Church, we have been studying the topic of the Church, with the goal of understanding what God would have us to be and do. We have looked at our AIM – what we are to do – which is to glorify God. We have considered our ACTION – how we will accomplish our aim – which is the making and maturing of disciples. We are now going to examine our ATTRIBUTE – the result of our action – which is a pure Church with Christlike members. God has purposed to develop a pure Church through discipleship. He has further purposed to preserve a pure Church through discipline. In this study, we are going to endeavor to systematize the NT teaching on the doctrine of discipline by considering the purposes of discipline, the priorities of discipline, the problems for discipline, and the procedures for dealing discipline. This is going to be a study that heavily emphasizes the scriptures so that there is no misunderstanding or assumption of preference. Due to that, the manuscript may not read as smoothly as you are used to. This is more of an exegetical outline.Â
I          The Purposes of Discipline – Is it really important?            We live in a society that is marked by a rapid decline in not just biblical morality, but in any kind of morality at all. God left the Church in the world to pervade the world with His truth so that He might draw men to Himself. Unfortunately, contrariwise, the world has invaded the Church and through error has drawn men to the world.  This leads us to consider the purposes of discipline. We must be diligent about discipline to . . .Â
           A        Promote obedience to the Word of God. Matthew 18:15 Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against theeâ€Â  Â
The point is that the trigger point for discipline is always sin. “Congregational discipline is really an act of discipleship that functions as the corollary to evangelism. Evangelism ministers to those outside the church who are in the bondage of sin. Congregational discipline ministers to those within the church who are in the bondage of sin†(Laney 1986, 353).
           B        Pursue restoration of a sinning brother. Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. Â
Church discipline provides the vehicle whereby the command of Gal. 6:1 can be obeyed.
           C        Protect the testimony of the body. 1 Cor. 5:1 It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father’s wife. Â
 In verses 9-13 of this same passage, Paul makes it clear that the issue at hand at
Corinth was that of public testimony.
 While discipline is never to be solely sourced in a desire to “remove the Church’s embarrassments,†it is necessary to protect the name of Christ among those who do not hold to it.
 The issue was that a professing believer was living like an unbeliever.
           D        Provide spiritual protection for the Church.Â
This protection is provided by the removal of the corrupting influence of sin and willful sinners. 1 Cor. 5:6 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump? Secondly, there is protection provided through warning others about the consequences of willful sin. Proverbs 19:25 “Smite a scorner, and the simple will beware: and reprove one that hath understanding, and he will understand knowledge.â€Â 1 Tim. 5:20 “Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear.â€
Though these four reasons exemplify the priority of discipline, we must always remember that the primary goal of discipline is always remedial. Discipline will produce righteousness and enable us to partake of holiness. In that sense, it is always to be restorative and not punitive. When one will not yield to the process in it’s primary purpose, then there must be a protective purpose, for an environment that accepts sin will quickly become a green house for more.
II        The Priorities of Discipline Â
There are three forms of Biblical discipline: (1) Internal, that is self-discipline, or me to me, i.e I recognize an area of weakness, and I guard against it; (2) External, that is mutual discipline, or me to you and you to me; (3) Corporate, that is group discipline, or we to you. The first to categories are intentioned to serve as preventative discipline and are the responsibilities of every believer. The third category is corrective discipline that is designed to restore a believer who is pursuing a path of persistent disobedience. It is this third category of discipline that we want to analyze as we consider the fourfold priorities for carrying it out.Â
           A        It should be characterized by love.Â
Contrary to what our secular society is teaching, there is no wall between love and discipline.   On the contrary, discipline is an evidence of love, and true love has discipline as an expression. This is the example of God the Father. Hebrews 12:6-8
   “For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth. [7] If ye endure chastening, God dealeth with you as with sons; for what son is he whom the father chasteneth not? [8] But if ye be without chastisement, whereof all are partakers, then are ye bastards, and not sons.â€Â In fact, in biblical thought, a lack of discipline is an indication of a lack of true love, Proverbs 13:24 “He that spareth his rod hateth his son: but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes.â€
           B        It should be conducted in the “spirit of meekness.â€Â
Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted. This spirit of “gentleness†is strength under control. It is a balance that is neither prone to anger nor incapable of it. Discipline is never to be done as a reactive impulse of anger. Strength under control is based on the recognition of one’s own liability to temptation and sin.
           C        It should be carried out with vigilance.Â
Luke 17:3 Take heed to yourselves: If thy brother trespass against thee, rebuke him; and if he repent, forgive him. God’s people must be attentive to the subtleness of sin. We are to “watch out†for one another, with the goal of being helpful. Hebrews 3:13 But exhort one another daily, while it is called today; lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin. Hebrews 10:24-25 And let us consider one another to provoke unto love and to good works: [25] Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of some is; but exhorting one another: and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching.
           D        It should be completed with forgiveness.  Â
There must always be a readiness to extend forgiveness. As often as it is sought, it should be granted. Paul’s instructions to the Church at
Corinth in 2 Cor. 2:5-11model this spirit toward those who have sinned, been disciplined and have repented for us.
 2 Cor. 2:6-11 Sufficient to such a man is this punishment, which was inflicted of many. [7] So that contrariwise ye ought rather to forgive him, and comfort him, lest perhaps such a one should be swallowed up with overmuch sorrow. [8] Wherefore I beseech you that ye would confirm your love toward him. [9] For to this end also did I write, that I might know the proof of you, whether ye be obedient in all things. [10] To whom ye forgive any thing, I forgive also: for if I forgave any thing, to whom I forgave it, for your sakes forgave I it in the person of Christ; [11] Lest Satan should get an advantage of us: for we are not ignorant of his devices.
We must follow this pattern, as Paul instructed, to avoid giving Satan the opportunity to twist the circumstances for his advantage. Â
   III       The Problems for disciplineÂ
The Bible details some specific categories of sin problems that are to lead to what is known as Church discipline, or what we are calling “corporate discipline.â€Â I believe that the scriptures teach that the “circle of confession should always be equal to the size of the circle of knowledge.â€Â There is no benefit to confessing unknown sin to people so that they become informed of the sin, in fact, this often causes new problems. However, there is a necessity of “confessing our faults one to another†when they are known. In a sense, public fault requires a public cure and private fault requires a private cure. That being said, not every issue needs to advance to arena of public awareness, but there are specific areas of sin that the Bible addresses as being in this category.
           A        Doctrinal Deviation 1 Tim. 1:20 Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme.  Titus 1:9 Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers. Â
There are legitimate areas of allowable disagreement on scriptural interpretation and application. However, when it comes to the core doctrinal beliefs of the faith, believers are called upon by the scriptures to: “earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.â€( Jude 1:3). Titus 1:9 exhorts us to “refute†them who contradict those core truths. Those truths are clear doctrinal teachings of the scripture that are non-negotiable like: Galatians 1:8 But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed. 1 John 4:3 And every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of God: and this is that spirit of antichrist, whereof ye have heard that it should come; and even now already is it in the world. 1 John 5:10 He that believeth on the Son of God hath the witness in himself: he that believeth not God hath made him a liar; because he believeth not the record that God gave of his Son. 2 Tim. 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, and John 1:1, 14 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. . . And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.
           B        Divisiveness  Titus 3:10 A man that is an heretick after the first and second admonition reject;  Romans 16:17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them. Â
The word translated heretick here is one who causes an unbiblical separation among the people of God. This person is “factious†or a “schismatic.â€Â This is someone who because of egotism and selfishness brings about division so that they can gain prominence. They make a choice that pleases them , independent of other considerations.
           C        Disobedience or Disorderly ConductÂ
This third category has two separate levels of conduct that are varied in severity, but have the common denominator of “conduct which does not follow the teaching of the Word of God.â€Â We see two separate examples of disobedience in the New Testament.
                       1         1 Cor. 5:1-5    It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father’s wife. [2] And ye are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he that hath done this deed might be taken away from among you. [3] For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning him that hath so done this deed, [4] In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, [5] To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.      Â
The problem in
Corinth was the situation of public sexual immorality.
 Verse 11 of the passages says, “But now I have written unto you not to keep company, if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolater, or a railer, or a drunkard, or an extortioner; with such an one no not to eat.â€
 This verse in the passage broadens the application of the passage to encompass other areas of public sin beyond that of just immorality.
2                   2 Thes. 3:6-15     Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which he received of us. [7] For yourselves know how ye ought to follow us: for we behaved not ourselves disorderly among you; [8] Neither did we eat any man’s bread for nought; but wrought with labour and travail night and day, that we might not be chargeable to any of you: [9] Not because we have not power, but to make ourselves an ensample unto you to follow us. [10] For even when we were with you, this we commanded you, that if any would not work, neither should he eat. [11] For we hear that there are some which walk among you disorderly, working not at all, but are busybodies. [12] Now them that are such we command and exhort by our Lord Jesus Christ, that with quietness they work, and eat their own bread. [13] But ye, brethren, be not weary in well doing. [14] And if any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be ashamed. [15] Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.   The specific problem in Thessalonica was that there were people who would not work. Much like he addressed the problem in
Corinth, Pauls instruction here is given in such a way that it transcends the particular application of the historical setting.
 Paul establishes a broader category of “failure to follow “the tradition†of the Apostles and the “instruction†that comes from the epistle (vv. 6, 14).
 This passage in 2 Thessalonians is a follow up to Paul’s warnings to these same people who were not walking orderly (1 Thessalonians 4:11-12; 5:14).
 Â
 The general problem in both
Corinth and Thessalonica is the matter of disobedience and disorderly conduct.
 IV       The Procedures for dealing with discipline Just as there are different categories of problems, there are differing procedures for having to deal with the problems. We will endeavor to address each category of problem with it’s specific procedure.            A        Doctrinal DeviationÂ
                       1         Identify the offenders          Â
Romans 16:17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them. Â Matthew 7:15 Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves. Â
1 Tim. 1:19-20 Holding faith, and a good conscience; which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck: [20] Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme. Â 2 Tim. 2:15-18 Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. [16] But shun profane and vain babblings: for they will increase unto more ungodliness. [17] And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus; [18] Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some. Â Â Â Â Â
                      2         Avoid            Â
2 Tim. 3:5 Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away. Â Amos 3:3 Can two walk together, except they be agreed? Â
                      3         Rejection      Â
2 John 1:9-10 Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son. [10] If there come any unto you, and bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither bid him God speed: Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â BÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â DivisivenessÂ
                      1         Warning          Titus 3:10 A man that is an heretick after the first and second admonition reject; Â
                         2         RejectionÂ
           C        Public Disobedience
                      1         Flagrant
Defiance
    Â
1 Cor. 5:6-13 Your glorying is not good. Know ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump? [7] Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us: [8] Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. [9] I wrote unto you in an epistle not to company with fornicators: [10] Yet not altogether with the fornicators of this world, or with the covetous, or extortioners, or with idolaters; for then must ye needs go out of the world. [11] But now I have written unto you not to keep company, if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolater, or a railer, or a drunkard, or an extortioner; with such an one no not to eat. [12] For what have I to do to judge them also that are without? do not ye judge them that are within? [13] But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person. Â Â Â Â Â
                                  a         Removal from the Church   Â
1 Cor. 5:5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.  ***     What does it mean to “Deliver to Satanâ€?Â
Acts 26:18Â Â To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me. Â
Col. 1:13 Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son:
  Â
S                   It is clear that the Realm of Satan as used in the Scriptures is always referring to the place a man is in when he is in a lost/unsaved condition. Paul makes it clear that this man is to be treated as though he is not a believer. His claim does not match up with his lifestyle.
1 Cor. 6:9-11 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the
kingdom of
God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind, [10] Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the
kingdom of
God. [11] And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God.
Â
S                   The lifestyle of a believer will not exhibit these behaviors. Paul is clear that this is what we WERE, but are no longer.
1 Cor. 5:13 But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person. Â Â Â Â Â
           b         Withdrawal of Fellowship    Â
1 Cor. 5:11 But now I have written unto you not to keep company, if any man that is called a brother be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolater, or a railer, or a drunkard, or an extortioner; with such an one no not to eat. Â
This one has serious questions with regard to his profession of Faith. He is a “so-called†brother. The removal from the Assembly is the sign that this one is not demonstrating a persevering faith, and therefore does not qualify as a member of the Body of Christ, either universal or in its local expression.
           2         Persistent Disobedience      Â
2 Thes. 3:6-15 Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which he received of us. [7] For yourselves know how ye ought to follow us: for we behaved not ourselves disorderly among you; [8] Neither did we eat any man’s bread for nought; but wrought with labour and travail night and day, that we might not be chargeable to any of you: [9] Not because we have not power, but to make ourselves an ensample unto you to follow us. [10] For even when we were with you, this we commanded you, that if any would not work, neither should he eat. [11] For we hear that there are some which walk among you disorderly, working not at all, but are busybodies. [12] Now them that are such we command and exhort by our Lord Jesus Christ, that with quietness they work, and eat their own bread. [13] But ye, brethren, be not weary in well doing. [14] And if any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be ashamed. [15] Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.                             a         Withdrawal of Fellowship
          Â
2 Thes. 3:14-15 And if any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be ashamed. [15] Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. Â
***Â Â Â Â Â What was the difference?
S                   Apparently, the hideous nature and the public display of the sin at Corinth was such that the Apostle Paul saw fit to bypass what would have other wise been the normal procedure of discipline.  S                   These are: Oral Teaching (1 Thes. 4:11-12 And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you; [12] That ye may walk honestly toward them that are without, and that ye may have lack of nothing.) Â
Written Warning (1 Thes. 5:14 Now we exhort you, brethren, warn them that are unruly, comfort the feebleminded, support the weak, be patient toward all men.), and
Withdrawal of Fellowship (2 Thes. 3:14-15 And if any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be ashamed. [15] Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.)Â
It Appears that the intent of the process in Thessalonica was to avoid the end result of what happened in
Corinth.
 However, it does appear that total excommunication was the end result of a lack of repentance on the part of the one in sin.
 Titus 3:10 “A man that is an heretick after the first and second admonition reject,†most likely would apply in this situation.
3                   Private Disobedience Matthew 18:15-17 Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. [16] But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. [17] And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church: but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican.    Â
                      a         Private Rebuke        Â
Matthew 18:15 Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. Â
S                   Privacy is stressed by the idea of “you and Him alone.â€
Leviticus 19:17Â Â Â Â Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin upon him.
Luke 17:3 Take heed to yourselves: If thy brother trespass against thee, rebuke him; and if he repent, forgive him.
Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted.
  Â
2                   Private Conference  Â
Matthew 18:16 But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established. Â Â Â Â ***Â Â Â Â Â Three Views of the WitnessesÂ
           a         To verify the details of the confrontation            b         Present to “strengthen the rebuke and lead the offender to repentanceÂ
           c         To supply additional evidence or serving as actual witnesses of the brother’s wrongdoing. They are brought into the confrontation to convince the brother of his need for repentance. ***     So, What saith the Scripture?Â
Â
Deut. 19:15 One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, inany sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses,shall the matter be established. Â Numbers 35:30 Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouthof witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die. Â
Deut. 17:6 At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy ofdeath be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death. Â John 8:17 It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true. Â
1 Tim. 5:19 Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses. Â Hebrews 10:28 He that despised Moses’ law died without mercy under two or three witnesses: Â
***     View three most accurately reflects the teaching of the whole of the scriptures. The witnesses are brought in because they have some knowledge of the situation and can aid in the process of convincing and convicting the one in error. In the event that the situation moves on to the next stage, these witnesses provide enough proof for the accusation to be accepted by the larger Body.
3Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Public Announcement
4Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Matthew 18:17 And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church:Â Â Â Â
***     It is at this point that the treatment of the one in Thessalonica comes into view. Upon the announcement to the Church, the Body is to withdraw fellowship, but is not yet to treat this one like he is not a part of the Body. The point of the withdrawal of fellowship at this point is avoid that step of excommunication.
a         This is for the Church           -          “you†is a singular pronoun expressing unity.
b         This is only for the Church   -          This should be an exclusive family matter.
5                   Public Exclusion       Â
Matthew 18:17 but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican.                        a         This is a unified decision of the Body
b         This is placing the sinner outside the Body
***Â Â Â Â Â Note the comparison with the instruction in I Corinthians 5Â
S                   This is to be carried out when they are “assembled†(1 Cor. 5:4) - This is official Church business.
SÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â This act removes the sinning party (1 Cor. 5:13)
SÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â This act treats the sinning party as though they are an unbeliever.
                       (1 Cor. 5:5)
The Church Body has been involved in the process because the power of expulsion is not in the purview of any individual or group, but is the responsibility of the entire Body. The congregation is always the final court of appeal on matters that are such gravity. When the erring brother remains unrepentant, he is to be removed from the fellowship of the assembly. This is the unified decision of the Body as they corporately pronounce the will of God, Matthew 16:16-19 . . . I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. [19] And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.
Conclusion:  It is the desire of God the Father that through ministry of the Son that there be established a people for His names’ sake. God is looking for such to worship Him. That people in this dispensation is the Church. Christ’s desire for that people is that “he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word, [27] That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish†(Eph 5:25-27).  It is the desire of God that He would produce a pure Church through discipleship and maintain a pure Church through discipline that is carried out in love. May we desire to be and determine to stay a pure Church for the Glory of God!!  I am thankful for the resource of class notes from Dr. Dave Doran at Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary, 1999, upon which I leaned heavily for the writing of this post.